Electric carbon technology improves carbon emission monitoring accuracy

　　The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to "improve the carbon emission statistics and accounting system, and perfect the carbon emission trading system", demonstrating the high attention of the Party Central Committee to carbon emission accounting work. Carbon emission statistics and accounting are the cornerstone of the construction and operation of the carbon trading system, and also the basis for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Carbon emission monitoring, as a key element supporting carbon emission statistical accounting, plays an important role in achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals on schedule.

　　Electric carbon monitoring helps with carbon emission accounting

　　Carbon emission monitoring is an important component of the carbon emission statistical accounting system. Scientific and orderly implementation of carbon emission monitoring can directly serve carbon emission accounting, and coordinate verification of accounting results, thereby effectively reducing the uncertainty of carbon emission inventories. At the same time, it can also provide quantitative process monitoring and auxiliary management tools for the carbon reduction process of the country, industry, and enterprises in a timely manner.

　　Currently, carbon emission monitoring methods have problems such as high monitoring costs, low flexibility, and limited coverage. The currently widely used carbon emission monitoring methods mainly include online measurement and satellite remote sensing monitoring. Among them, the online measurement method directly measures the carbon emission concentration, flow rate, flow rate and other data of the emission source through measuring facilities, thereby obtaining continuous and real-time carbon emissions. This method requires the installation of additional monitoring devices, which incurs high time and economic costs for promotion and popularization. It is difficult to effectively monitor unorganized emissions and achieve widespread monitoring of a large number of emission sources in the short term. The satellite remote sensing monitoring method is based on atmospheric observations of greenhouse gas concentrations and meteorological field data, combined with atmospheric chemical transport models. Through data assimilation methods, the concentration observation results are used to invert fluxes and estimate regional carbon emissions. This method is limited by the accuracy and coverage of satellite remote sensing observation data, and the monitoring results at the micro scale have high uncertainty.

　　Electricity is an important component of energy consumption and one of the important production factors in industry. Electricity consumption is highly coupled with energy activities, providing new ideas for carbon emission monitoring. Power big data has the characteristics of wide collection range, high accuracy, strong real-time performance, and high value density. Based on electricity big data, it is expected to "catch a glimpse and know the whole picture", effectively invert and calculate energy activities and carbon emissions. Therefore, researching how to use power big data as the core to support the efficient implementation of carbon emission monitoring, promote the reduction of carbon emission monitoring costs, enhance the flexibility and coverage of carbon emission monitoring, and meet the monitoring accuracy requirements in different application scenarios will have important theoretical and practical significance.